Introduction to Matrices
Tom Davis
tomrdavis@earthlink.net
1 Definitions
A matrix (plural: matrices) is simply a rectangular array of “things”. For now, we’ll assume the “things” are numbers, but as you go on in mathematics, you’ll find that matrices can be arrays of very general objects. Pretty much all that’s required is that you be able to add, subtract, and multiply the “things”.
Here are some examples of matrices. Notice that it is sometimes useful to have variables as entries, as long as the variables represent the same sorts of “things” as appear in the other slots. In our examples, we’ll always assume that all the slots are filled with numbers. All our examples contain only real numbers, but matrices of complex numbers are very common.
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